Archives: Drugs
Inhalants
What are they?
Inhalants are general household or industrial products that produce vapours that are then inhaled or breathed in. These items include (but are not limited to) cans of chrome spray, aerosol products like spray paint, petrol, glue, paint and paint thinners, cleaning fluid, gas for burning, nail polish remover and felt pens.
Inhalants are inhaled – pretty straightforward. The fumes and vapours from the various chemicals will cause different reactions within the body depending on what was inhaled. Some products use specific methods to inhale their vapours.
- Chroming is the process of spraying chrome into a plastic bag and inhaling the fumes from there.
- Petrol sniffers usually put a small amount of the liquid into a can and inhale from there.
- Those who inhale nitrous oxide [hyperlink] from gas cartridges (most often called nangs) usually do so by expelling the gas into a balloon first before inhaling it and exhaling it continuously from there.
What are the effects?
The effects of inhalants depend on the particular product being inhaled. The effects are experienced immediately and will last for around 45 minutes.
- Feelings of excitement and euphoria
- Fewer inhibitions
- Loss of coordination
- Dizziness
- Sneezing and coughing
- Watering eyes
- Running nose
- Nitrous oxide in particular can cause a feeling of lightness, floatiness, and delirium
- Irritability and depression
- Memory loss
- Reduced attention span and ability to think clearly
- Pimples around the mouth and lips
- Pale appearance
- Tremors
- Weight loss
- Reduced growth potential (height; in adolescents)
- Tiredness
- Excessive thirst
- Loss of sense of smell and hearing
- Problems with blood production, which may result in anaemia, irregular heartbeat, heart muscle damage
- Chest pain and angina
- Indigestion and stomach ulcers
- Liver and kidney damage
Many of these effects can be reversed when long-term use has ceased, but some inhalants can leave irreversible effects like brain and organ damage.
Overdose
If we inhale a substance repeatedly or if it’s a particularly strong inhalant, it’s possible to overdose. Knowing the signs of overdose helps keeps us and others safe, and when we might need to call an ambulance. Watch out for these symptoms and call 000 in an emergency:
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea
Irregular heartbeat
Chest pain
Hallucinations
Blackout, seizures and coma
It’s also possible to experience sudden sniffing death (sounds like something from Mortal Kombat… so, yikes!). Some chemical’s vapours are so toxic that they can induce heart failure, particularly if someone has exercised prior or is quite stressed, but this is very rare.
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing inhalants with other drugs – including over the counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable and dangerous. As inhalants are different, the interactions of mixing them with other drugs will be different. To find out about drug interactions and inhalants, head to the Australian Drug Foundation.
HIV Medications
The interactions between inhalants and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that inhalants directly reduce the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
The interactions between inhalants and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that inhalant use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and alcohol head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that inhalant use directly reduces the efficacy of HRT. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
The interactions between inhalants and HRT are not well known. Progesterone and Cyproterone Acetate can have sedative effects, so we may be particularly tired, fatigued or sleepy during or after taking inhalants.
For more information about Inhalants head to the Australian Drug Foundation.
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
Viagra
What is it?
Viagra is a medicine used to treat erectile dysfunction (aka when the penis won’t become erect or stay erect for long). It provides the user with an erection within four hours after use, but only if sexually aroused. Viagra comes in the form of tablets and is sometimes also known by the brand name Cialis, or in slang terms like love philtre, magic potion, and stimulant.
Viagra is swallowed in tablet form. It should be taken at least one hour before having sex, and no more than one tablet should be taken within 24 hours. It should not be mixed with other erectile dysfunction medication.
What are the effects?
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Flushed skin/hot flushes
- Indigestion
- Heart burn
- Nasal congestion or swelling in the nose
- Diarrhoea
- A rash
- Dry mouth, throat, nose or eyes
- A tight throat
- Feeling hot or irritable
- Red mouth or tongue
Viagra has been known to cause a painful erection that can last more than four hours. If this happens, seek medical attention immediately. Best to chat with a doctor about the side effects of erectile dysfunction medications.
Overdose
If there is too much Viagra in our system, it can lead to a range of issues. Knowing the signs of overdose helps keeps us and others safe, and when we might need to call an ambulance. Watch out for these symptoms and call 000 in an emergency:
Low blood pressure
Fainting
Vision problems
Hearing problems
Chest pains
Anyone who has the following should not take Viagra:
Angina (chest pain)
Taking nitrate medications
Heart problems
Blood pressure and blood vessel issues
Heart attack or stroke in the past six months
Severe liver problems
Certain eye issues
Check with your doctor before taking Viagra
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing Viagra with other drugs – including over the counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable and dangerous. Do not mix Viagra with the following medications because it may increase the risk of overdose, and even death:
- Amyl
There are a range of unsafe interactions to be cautious of when mixing Viagra and other drugs, and they can be found at Health Direct
HIV Medications
The interactions between Viagra and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that Viagra use directly reduces the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
We did find that there are potentially serious and dangerous interactions between Viagra/Sildenafil and several antiretrovirals. These interactions may cause cardiac abnormalities or issues, hypertension, visual changes, prolonged erections, or other concerns, and should be avoided. Basically, it’s pretty complicated and it can be fatal!
Several antiretrovirals can potentially decrease the level or effect of Viagra or Sildenafil. It’s best to chat with a healthcare professional before taking any erectile dysfunction medication and HIV medications.
The interactions between Viagra and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that Viagra use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and Viagra head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that Viagra use directly interacts with HRT or reduces its efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
The interactions between Viagra and HRT are not well known. While dual use is not understood to be unsafe, users may find that the intended effects of Viagra (or any other erectile dysfunction medication), such as causing and maintaining an erection, are hampered by any feminising and anti-androgenising / demasculinising medications.
For more information about Viagra, head to Health Direct.
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
Cannabis
What is it?
Cannabis (aka weed) is a cannabinoid drug that is found in the Sativa plant which contains THC (delta9 tetrahydrocannabinol, which sounds more like a Twitter handle tbh). THC is the drug that makes you feel high.
It is usually found as dried leaves and can have a very strong, sweet smell, but can appear as a crumbly, brownish resinous substance called ‘hash’, or as a very potent oil called ‘hash oil’. It is also known as pot, Mary Jane, MJ, za, dope, gunja, joint, doobie, puff, cones, choof, mull, and 420.
Cannabis is most commonly smoked, but it can be eaten or vaporised. The dried leaves and flowers of the cannabis plant are most often smoked in a joint (sometimes mixed with tobacco) or in a bong. Hash is usually mixed with tobacco to be smoked or baked into desserts like cookies and brownies. Hash oil is applied in liquid form to the tip of a joint or cigarette. Concentrates of cannabis can be vapourised (vaped) in small quantities, mainly due to its high THC content.
What are the effects?
When smoked, the effects of cannabis can be felt immediately, and last for 1-3 hours.
- Feelings of relaxation and euphoria
- Spontaneous laughter and excitement
- Increased sociability
- Increased appetite
- Dry mouth
- Memory impairment
- Slower reflexes
- Bloodshot eyes
- An increased heart rate
- Mild anxiety and paranoia
- Reduced cognitive functioning (‘brain fog’, memory loss, etc.)
- Sore throats, asthma, bronchitis (when smoked, and if used with tobacco, there are a separate set of longer term effects)
It is important to note that due to the psychoactive properties of cannabis, people with a personal history or familial history of serious mental illnesses such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder should refrain from using cannabis. Otherwise, using cannabis may result in a worsening of or the development of these mental illnesses. Some of these symptoms of psychosis may include delusions, hallucinations, and changes in visual and auditory perception.
Overdose
It’s impossible to overdose on weed, but it’s easy to overdo it. If someone is acting unusual or in case of an emergency call 000.
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing weed with other drugs – including over the counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable. While there are no highly dangerous interactions between weed and other drugs, there are a range of unsafe interactions to be cautious of, and they can be found at TripSit.
HIV Medications
The interactions between weed and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that weed use directly reduces the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
We did find that certain antiretroviral medications can increase or decrease the effects of weed, including Efavirenz, Etravirine, Maraviroc, Cobicistat and most protease inhibitors. Chat with an HIV specialist about using weed when taking HIV medications.
The interactions between alcohol and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that alcohol use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and alcohol head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that weed use directly reduces the efficacy of HRT. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
The interactions between weed and HRT are not well known. Progesterone and Cyproterone Acetate can have sedative effects, so we may be particularly tired, fatigued or sleepy during or after taking weed. Progesterone can also contribute to an inflammation of the airways and potentially increases the risk of asthma, which is then compounded by smoking.
Oestradiol and smoking tobacco may contribute to deep vein thrombosis, so mixing tobacco and weed is something to chat with a healthcare professional about to help manage and mitigate the risk.
If mixing weed with tobacco, then it’s best to know that both testosterone and smoking tobacco can contribute to a condition known as polycythaemia. This may feel like fatigue, weakness, dizziness, or shortness of breath. Chat with your doctor to keep an eye out during any blood tests.
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
Synthetic Cannabinoids
What is it?
Synthetic cannabinoids (aka synthetic cannabis or synthetic weed) are made in a laboratory and were originally intended to mimic the effects of cannabis – however the final product doesn’t mimic any of the effects of cannabis and instead can produce very strong bad trips – basically, it’s a role of the dice on what you’ll get!
Synthetic cannabinoids are powdered chemicals that are often mixed with solvents and sprayed onto herbs and packaged in colourfully branded packets. Every bag of synthetic cannabis will be different to the last due to the extreme unreliability of the chemical being produced. It is sometimes marketed as a spice, herbal incense, potpourri, and aphrodisiac tea.
Synthetic cannabis is smoked and its effects are felt within minutes.
What are the effects?
The chemical makeup of the drug is so different each time that it is hard to have a definitive list of effects.
- Relaxation and euphoria
- Loss of coordination
- Fast and irregular heartbeat
- Racing thoughts
- Extreme agitation, anxiety and paranoia
- Psychosis
- Slurred speech
- Aggressive and violent behaviour
- Chest pain
- Vomiting
- Raised blood pressure (hypertension)
- Breathing difficulties
- Hyperthermia (overheating)
- Breakdown of muscle tissue (rhabdomyolysis)
- Acute kidney injury
- Seizures
- Stroke
- Cognitive damage
- Heart problems
- Exacerbated mental health issues. Anyone with a metal health condition should give this a wide pass!
Overdose
If we take a large amount or get a really strong batch of synthetic cannabinoids, it’s possible to overdose. Knowing the signs of overdose helps keeps us and others safe, and when we might need to call an ambulance. Watch out for these symptoms and call 000 in an emergency:
Fast or irregular heartbeat
Chest pain
Breathing difficulties
Severe hyperthermia– basically a really high body temperature
Delusional behaviour
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing synthetic cannabinoids with other drugs – including over the counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable and dangerous. Do not mix synthetic cannabinoids with the following medications because it can increase the risk of overdose, and even death:
- Anti-depressant medications (specifically SSRIs)
There are a range of unsafe interactions to be cautious of when mixing synthetic cannabinoids and other drugs, and they can be found at the Australian Drug Foundation.
HIV Medications
The interactions between synthetic cannabinoids and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that cannabinoids use directly reduces the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
The interactions between synthetic cannabinoids and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that synthetic cannabinoids use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and synthetic cannabinoids head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that synthetic cannabinoid use directly reduces the efficacy of HRT. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
The interactions between synthetic cannabinoids and HRT are not well known. Progesterone and Cyproterone Acetate can have sedative effects, so we may be particularly tired, fatigued or sleepy during or after taking synthetic cannabinoids. Progesterone can also contribute to an inflammation of the airways and potentially increases the risk of asthma, which is then compounded by smoking.
For more information about synthetic cannabinoids, head to ADF
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
MDMA
What is it?
MDMA, which is technically called methylenedioxymethamphetamine (yeah, try saying that ten times fast!!), is the primary ingredient in the drug that is sold under the common name of ‘ecstasy’. MDMA is an empathogen, which increases an individual’s feelings of empathy and kindness. Basically it gives us all the love feels! Ecstasy is notorious for being cut and filled with other chemicals that can range from poisonous household products to amphetamines.
MDMA is usually identified as a yellowish crystalline substance at the start, but is often crushed into powder form or made into pills with markings on them. It is also known as E, ekkies, pills, caps, XTC, pingers, bikkies, flippers, molly, and disco snacks.
MDMA is most often swallowed in pill form, but can also be snorted, injected, or absorbed rectally. With injecting, there is risk of contracting blood borne viruses, such as hepatitis B & C and HIV if needles are shared and the risk of infection at the injecting site.
What are the effects?
The short term effects of the drug can usually be felt 20 to 60 minutes after ingesting it, but may be sooner if snorted, injected or shafted (basically, up the butt). The effects of MDMA can vary depending on the ingredients used to make it.
- Euphoria
- Energetic and confident
- Dilated pupils
- Jaw clenching and teeth grinding
- Heightened senses (sight, hearing and touch)
- Excessive sweating and skin tingles
- Muscle aches and pains
- Reduced appetite
- Fast heartbeat
- Increased blood pressure
- Dehydration
- Heat stroke
- Floating sensations
- Perceptual changes, such as visual and auditory hallucinations
- Out-of-character irrational behaviour
- Anxiety
- Irritability, paranoia and aggression
- Vomiting
- High body temperature
- Racing heartbeat
- Convulsion
- Regular colds and flu
- Depression
- Needing to use more to get the same effect
- Memory and concentration problems
- Liver problems
Overdose
Deaths experienced while using MDMA are usually attributed to other factors like cardiac arrest, stroke, kidney failure and overheating. But, if we take a large amount or get a really strong batch of MDMA, it’s possible to overdose. Knowing the signs of overdose helps keeps us and others safe, and when we might need to call an ambulance. Watch out for these symptoms and call 000 in an emergency:
Fast or irregular heart beat
High body temperature
Convulsions
Hypertension and difficult breathing
Passed out or passing out
Heart attack
Stroke
It is also possible to drink too much water when we’re on MDMA – talk about feeling parched!! We’re probably going to be dancing and having a good time, but feeling extremely thirsty (and not that kind of thirsty, thank you very much!). Our body only needs to consume a particular amount of water and drinking too much is really bad! When taking MDMA, let’s take regular breaks from dancing or any activity that gets our heart rates pumping – and we only need to drink about 250-500 ml of water per hour.
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing MDMA with other drugs – including over-the-counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable and dangerous. Do not mix MDMA with the following medications because it may increase the risk of overdose, and even death:
- Anti-depressant medications (specifically MAOIs)
There are a range of unsafe interactions to be cautious of when mixing MDMA and other drugs, and they can be found at TripSit.
HIV Medications
The interactions between MDMA and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that MDMA use directly reduces the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
We did find that at least two fatalities have been reported when antiretrovirals have been used alongside MDMA. One fatality involved a person taking Ritonavir and the other involved taking both Ritonavir and Saquinavir. Chat with an HIV specialist about MDMA use and the interactions with HIV medications.
The interactions between MDMA and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that MDMA use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and MDMA head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that MDMA use directly reduces the efficacy of HRT. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
Feminising hormones and anti-androgens can alter the experience of stimulants generally, including MDMA. It can result in experiencing amplified effects including excess sweating, rapid heart rate and dehydration, and this is more likely with low testosterone levels.
Fluctuations in Oestrogen and Progesterone can change how we respond to stimulants (although studies have been just with cisgender women), and it can affect our state of mind when taking MDMA.
Oestradiol can contribute to deep vein thrombosis, and cocaine use has been shown to increase thrombic risk, so best to chat with a healthcare professional to help manage and mitigate the risk.
Progesterone can cause us to feel tired, drowsy or sleepy a couple of hours after taking it, so it can help to schedule when to take it and when to take MDMA
As Spironolactone acts as a diuretic, we may need to be extra mindful of keeping our hydration levels up while using ecstasy/MDMA so that we don’t experience dehydration.
Testosterone can increase irritability, and restlessness and impact our emotions, so we may find changes in our response when taking MDMA, such as increased sweating and heart rate, and our experiences of irritability and mood swings.
Both Testosterone and MDMA use can contribute to a condition known as polycythaemia (a high concentration of red blood cells). This may feel like fatigue, weakness, dizziness, or shortness of breath. Chat with a doctor to keep an eye on any blood tests.
For more information about MDMA head to the Australian Drug Foundation or TripSit.
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
Cocaine
What is it?
Cocaine is a stimulant drug extracted from the leaves of the South American coca bush. It speeds up the messages between the brain and the body – basically, it gets us to stepping. In Australia, cocaine comes in the form of white powder that has a bitter, numbing taste. It is usually mixed or ‘cut’ with unsafe products to pad out its quantity for profits (basically when the gear is all baking powder and no coke – you know what I’m talking about).
There are two other forms of cocaine, both of which remove a specific chemical (hydrochloride) and creates a purer solution. One is called crack cocaine (named after the crackling sound it makes as it crystallises) and the other is called freebase which is a much more volatile version of the drug. Cocaine is also sometimes called snow, blow, nose candy, white lady, Charlie, white dust or stardust.
Cocaine is usually snorted in its powder form but it can be rubbed into the gums for a similar effect. It can also be injected and the other two versions of cocaine (crack and freebase) are typically smoked. With injecting, there is a risk of contracting blood-borne viruses, such as hepatitis B & C and HIV if needles are shared and the risk of infection at the injecting site.
What are the effects?
The effects are usually felt soon after taking it and last for around 30 minutes.
- Greater happiness and confidence
- Becoming more talkative
- Greater energy and alertness
- Anxiety and paranoia
- Irritability and agitation
- Headaches and dizziness
- Boost in physical strength and mental aptitude
- Reduced appetite
- Dry mouth
- Dilated pupils
- Higher blood pressure, faster heartbeat and breathing
- Higher body temperature
- An increased sex drive
- Insomnia
- Unpredictable, violent or aggressive behaviour
- Indifference to pain
- Lung conditions such as bronchitis
- Anxiety, paranoia and psychosis
- Sexual dysfunction
- Kidney failure
- Stroke
- Seizures
- Hypertension and irregular heartbeat
- Damage to the tissue separating the nostrils if you are snorting
Extended and heavy consumption of cocaine can induce psychosis which leads sufferers to experience paranoia, hallucinations, unusual thoughts and strange behaviour. These symptoms usually disappear a few days or weeks after the person stops using cocaine.
Overdose
If we take a large amount or have a strong batch of cocaine, then it’s possible to overdose. Knowing the signs of overdose helps keeps us and others safe, and when we might need to call an ambulance. Watch out for these symptoms and call 000 in an emergency:
Nausea and vomiting
Chest pain
Panic
Extreme agitation and paranoia
Hallucinations
Tremors
Breathing irregularities
Kidney failure
Seizures
Stroke
Heart problems
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing cocaine with other drugs – including over the counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable and dangerous. Do not mix cocaine with the following medications because it may increase the risk of overdose, and even death:
- Opioids
- Anti-depressant medications (specifically MAOIs)
There are a range of unsafe interactions to be cautious of when mixing cocaine and other drugs, and they can be found at TripSit.
HIV Medications
The interactions between cocaine and antiretroviral medications are not well known. But we did find that the use of cocaine may impact the efficacy of antiretroviral medications.
In combination with HIV medications, cocaine may:
- Aggravate HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders;
- Impact inflammatory and oxidative systems; and
- Impact coronary health.
We also found that protease inhibitors can increase concentrations of cocaine in the body, which amplifies its effects, both positive and negative, so best to be aware of cocaine toxicity.
Additionally, some studies have highlighted the interactions between significant stenosis and the use of particular HIV medications, including Lamivudine, Stavudine and Zidovudine. Furthermore, research has also identified issues for long-term cocaine users and kidney functioning for patients taking Efavirenz, Etravirine, Nevirapine, and Rilpivirine.
Anyone using cocaine should chat with an HIV specialist about their medication regimens and what the possible interactions are.
The interactions between cocaine and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that cocaine use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and cocaine head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that cocaine use directly reduces the efficacy of HRT. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
Feminising hormones and anti-androgens can alter the experience of stimulants generally, including cocaine. It can result in experiencing amplified effects including excess sweating, rapid heart rate and dehydration, and this is more likely with low testosterone levels.
Fluctuations in Oestrogen and Progesterone can change how we respond to stimulants (although studies have been just with cisgender women), and it can affect our state of mind when taking cocaine.
Oestradiol can contribute to deep vein thrombosis, and cocaine use has been shown to increase thrombic risk, so best to chat with a healthcare professional to help manage and mitigate the risk.
Progesterone can cause us to feel tired, drowsy or sleepy a couple of hours after taking it, so it can help to schedule when to take it and when to take cocaine.
Testosterone can increase irritability, and restlessness and impact our emotions, so we may find changes in our response when taking cocaine, such as increased sweating and heart rate, and our experiences of irritability and mood swings.
Both Testosterone and Cocaine use can contribute to a condition known as polycythaemia (a high concentration of red blood cells). This may feel like fatigue, weakness, dizziness, or shortness of breath. Chat with your doctor to keep an eye out during any blood tests.
For more information about cocaine head to the Australian Drug Foundation or TripSit.
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
Steroids
What are they?
Steroids, or anabolic steroids more specifically, are a type of performance and image-enhancing drugs used by people to enhance the physique of their body or achieve more through sport. They are synthetic hormones that imitate naturally occurring hormones, like testosterone, to promote the regrowth and repair of muscle tissue. Steroids are sometimes referred to as roids, juice, gear, stackers, Arnolds, gym candy, pumpers, weight trainers and gainers.
Steroids also have genuine medical uses, such as balancing hormones for some trans and intersex folks or to medically transition gender.
Anabolic steroids usually come in pill or tablet form but they can also be injected when purchased in liquid form. With injecting, there is risk of contracting blood borne viruses, such as hepatitis B & C and HIV if needles are shared. There is also a risk of infection at the injecting site.
There are also a bunch of factors to consider that are particular to the injection of steroids, so get informed before you start using from The Juice. Steroids can also be absorbed through the skin when purchased as a cream or gel.
What are the effects?
- Facial bloating through water retention
- Permanent scarring through acne
- Irritability and mood swings
- More frequent colds
- Aggression and violence
- Increased sex drive
- Sleeping difficulties
- Liver damage
- Kidney or prostate cancer
- High blood pressure
- Depression
- Cardiovascular complications
- Tendon/ligament damage
- Stroke
- Heart attack
- Involuntary and long-lasting erections
- Gynaecomastia (breast development)
- Baldness
- Shrunken testicles
- A reduced sperm count
- Facial hair growing
- Irregular periods
- A deepened voice
- Smaller breasts
- An enlarged clitoris
- Stunted growth
- Premature balding
- Acne scarring
- Stretch marks
- Aged skin
Overdose
The use of anabolic steroids rarely results in overdose. Instead, it’s best to conceptualise it as a chronic overdose, as it’s the accumulation of the negative effects over a long time that can result in negative outcomes including death – damn that sounded bleak didn’t it?
Mixing with other drugs
We currently don’t have enough research on the interaction of anabolic steroids and other drugs. This doesn’t mean that there are no interactions, just that it hasn’t been looked into enough yet. We’ll keep looking an update you when we know more.
HIV Medications
The interactions between steroids and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that steroid use directly reduces the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
The interactions between steroids and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that steroid use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and steroids head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that steroid use directly reduces the efficacy of HRT. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
While dual use is not understood to be unsafe, feminising and anti-androgen hormone users may find that use of anabolic steroids frustrates the feminising and anti-androgenising / demasculinising effects of HRT use. We’d likely experience less effective changes from both or either medication.
While both testosterone and anabolic steroids have masculinising effects that may be desirable, the use of both medications may increase or exacerbate mood swings, irritability and anger, so be sure that we’re keeping our mental and social health in balance.
For more information about anabolic steroids head to the Australian Drug Foundation.
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
Amyl
What is it?
Amyl nitrate (aka as poppers) is a member of the alkyl nitrate family – which is found in some common household products. Amyl is a depressant, so it slows down the messages from the brain to the body – basically we are a few steps behind the beat!
It’s classified as an inhalant and is usually sold as a leather cleaner or VHS cleaner (that’s cleaning the film of videotapes for the younger crew). It comes in a small glass bottle as a liquid that is clear or slightly yellow. Amyl is also known commonly by its brand names, like Jungle Juice and Rush.
Amyl is inhaled (which basically means sniffed) directly from the bottle up the nose. Think of how we all smell fragrances – it’s similar to that. It is not safe to drink or snort the liquid, and it will leave burn marks when coming into contact with the skin.
What are the effects?
It is often used during sex to heighten the pleasure and relax our body muscles, or in combination with other drugs to heighten their effects. The effects are felt immediately and last between 2-5 minutes.
- Euphoric rush
- Flushed face
- Increased heart rate and dizziness
- Warming sensation
- Feelings of excitement and lowered inhibition
- Muscle relaxation, particularly the anal, front-hole and vaginal sphincter
- Nausea
- Headaches
- Low blood pressure
- Slowed breathing
- Skin irritation
- Blurred vision
- Nose bleeds
- Allergic reactions
- Methaemoglobinaemia (which was just as hard to write as I’m guessing it was to pronounce). It’s a blood disorder causing oxygen supply issues to body tissue.
People who are pregnant, anaemic, have a heart condition, experience high blood pressure or have a brain injury should not use amyl.
Overdose
The use of amyl is very rarely life-threatening unless we drink or ingest it. That would require a quick trip to the emergency department. The biggest issue is for people taking Viagra or other erectile dysfunction medications. This combination causes our blood pressure to drop so low that we lose consciousness – and in some cases experience a stroke, heart attack or death – and that’s sometimes all she wrote, folks! Watch out for each other and call 000 in an emergency.
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing amyl with other drugs – including over the counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable and dangerous. Do not mix amyl with the following medications because it may increase the risk of overdose, and even death:
- Viagra
There are a range of unsafe interactions to be cautious of when mixing amyl and other drugs, and they can be found at the Australian Drug Foundation.
HIV Medications
The interactions between amyl and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that amyl use directly reduces the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
The interactions between amyl and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that amyl use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and amyl head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
The interactions between amyl and HRT are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that amyl use directly interacts with HRT or reduces its efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
For more information about amyl head to the Australian Drug Foundation
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
Benzos
What are they?
Benzos (formally known as benzodiazepines), are drugs typically used to treat anxiety and some sleep conditions. They are classified as depressants, which means that they slow down the messages travelling between the brain and the body – basically it means that we are a few steps behind the beat. Benzos are sometimes also called, tranx, sleepers, xannies, and moggies.
Benzos are commonly swallowed in tablet form but can also be injected in liquid form. With injecting, there is a risk of contracting blood borne viruses, such as hepatitis B & C and HIV if needles are shared. There is also the risk of infection at the injecting site.
What are the effects?
- Reduced stress
- Euphoria
- Reduced anxiety
- Calmness
- Depression
- Confusion
- Feelings of isolation
- Impaired thinking and memory loss
- Headaches
- Drowsiness, sleepiness and fatigue
- Dry mouth
- Slurred speech or stuttering
- Blurred or doubled vision
- Impaired coordination, dizziness and tremors
- Nausea and loss of appetite
- Diarrhoea or constipation
- If injected, deep vein thrombosis and clots which can result in the loss of limbs, damage to organs, stroke and death
- Impaired thinking or memory loss
- Anxiety and depression
- Irritability, paranoia and aggression
- Personality changes
- Weakness, lethargy and lack of motivation
- Drowsiness, sleepiness and fatigue
- Difficulty sleeping or disturbing dreams
- Headaches
- Nausea
- Skin rashes and weight gain
Benzos are not recommended for use during pregnancy or when breastfeeding, and they can be dangerous for people with acute asthma, emphysema or sleep apnoea, and those with advanced liver or kidney disease.
Overdose
If we take a large amount or have a strong batch of benzos, then it’s possible to overdose. Knowing the signs of overdose helps keeps us and others safe, and when we might need to call an ambulance.
Watch out for these symptoms and call 000 in an emergency:
Over-sedation or sleep
Jitteriness and excitability
Mood swings and aggression
Slow, shallow breathing
Unconsciousness or coma
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing benzos with other drugs – including over the counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable and dangerous. Do not mix benzos with the following medications because it may increase the risk of overdose, and even death:
- Alcohol
- GHB
- Opioids
- Tramadol
There are a range of unsafe interactions to be cautious of when mixing benzos and other drugs, and they can be found at the Australian Drug Foundation
HIV Medications
The interactions between benzos and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that benzo use directly reduces the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
We did find that protease inhibitors and other drugs, including Delvirdine, Efavirenz, Etravirine and Nevirapine, can impact the effects of benzos, either increasing or decreasing their effects. It’s best to chat with an HIV specialist if using these medications and taking benzos just in case any HIV medication dosages need to be altered.
The interactions between benzos and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that benzos use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and benzos head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that benzos reduce the efficacy of HRT. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
The interactions between benzos and HRT are not well known. Progesterone and Cyproterone Acetate can have sedative effects, so we may be particularly tired, fatigued or sleepy during or after taking benzos.
For more information about benzos head to the Australian Drug Foundation or TripSit.
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.
ALL OF THE DRUGS
HEROIN
What is it?
Heroin is an opioid that is made from the opium poppy (sounds like a cute dog name). It’s a depressant, which means that they slow down the messages travelling between the brain and the body – basically, it means that we are a few steps behind the beat.
It is usually produced as white to brownish granules or powder. It is sometimes called smack, gear, the dragon, hammer, H, dope, junk, Harry, horse, black tar, China white, poison, black tar, and white dynamite.
Heroin is most often injected. With injecting, there is a risk of contracting blood-borne viruses, such as hepatitis B & C and HIV if needles are shared and the risk of infection at the injecting site. It can also be smoked (aka chasing the dragon) or added to cigarettes or joints.
What are the effects?
The effects will usually be felt immediately after smoking or injecting the drug, but can take five to fifteen minutes if snorted and last between 3-5 hours.
- Intense pleasure and pain relief
- Relaxation, drowsiness and clumsiness
- Confusion
- Feelings of detachment
- Slurred and slow speech
- Slow breathing and heartbeat
- Dry mouth
- Tiny pupils
- Reduced appetite and vomiting
- Decreased sex drive
- Intense sadness
- Irregular periods and difficulty having children
- No sex drive, erectile dysfunction and infertility
- Constipation
- Dental issues
- Damaged heart, lungs, liver and brain
- Vein damage and skin, heart and lung infections from injecting
Overdose
It is very easy to overdose on heroin, due to the unknown strength of the batch or from losing consciousness. Knowing the signs of overdose helps keeps us and others safe, and when we might need to call an ambulance. Watch out for these symptoms and call 000 in an emergency:
Trouble concentrating
Cold, clammy skin
Small pupils
Wanting to urinate but finding it hard to.
Itchiness
Low blood pressure
Irregular heartbeat
Extreme drowsiness or falling asleep ('going on the nod')
Passing out
Hypothermia
Slow breathing, blue/grey lips and fingertips
Naloxone is an over the counter drug used to temporarily reverse an overdose on opioids. It can be purchased at local pharmacies and anyone can administer it. It’s handy to have around, just in case!! It can be used as a nose spray or injected – and no, it’s not like Pulp Fiction! Even after naloxone has been used, medical attention should be sought immediately.
Mixing with other drugs
The effects of mixing heroin with other drugs – including over the counter or prescribed medications can be unpredictable and dangerous. Do not mix heroin with the following medications because it may increase the risk of overdose, and even death:
- Ketamine
- Cocaine
- Alcohol
- GHB
- Tramadol
- Benzos
To discover more about the specific interactions between heroin and other drugs, refer to TripSit.
HIV Medications
The interactions between heroin and antiretroviral medications are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that heroin use directly reduces the efficacy of antiretroviral medications. If some new research comes to light, then we’ll update this section and let you know.
We did find that protease inhibitors, and other drugs, including Efavirenz or Etravirine, can amplify the effects of heroin if it’s injected or inhaled. Patients of these medications should chat with an HIV specialist about signs of opiate toxicity.
The interactions between heroin and PrEP and PEP are not well known. There’s currently no evidence to suggest that heroin use directly interacts with these medications or reduces their efficacy. We’ll keep looking and update you if any new research comes to light.
To learn about the interactions between specific HIV medications and heroin head to Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker.
Hormones
There’s currently no evidence to suggest that heroin use reduces the efficacy of HRT. We’ll keep looking and update this information if something new comes to light.
Heroin is an opioid and Oestradiol can affect our opioid receptors, and how the body processes them, so it’s best to chat with a healthcare professional about whether our dosage needs to be adjusted.
Spironolactone and opioids can potentially lead to a build-up of toxicity and affect our kidneys.
Progesterone and Cyproterone Acetate can have sedative effects and cause tiredness and fatigue, so taking these along with other depressants may lead to feeling more exhausted during or after using opioids.
Both testosterone and opioids can cause water retention, which means we may experience constipation and bloating when taking both.
We don’t yet know enough about how opioid-induced androgen deficiency (OPIAD) may impact bodies that are taking testosterone, including whether it may impact our absorption or processing of our HRT.
For more information about heroin head to the Australian Drug Foundation or TripSit
DISCLAIMER:
The information given on this page is not medical advice and should not be relied upon in that way.